Acne
Created: 09.01.2025
Updated 09.01.2025
Approved by: Consultant Dermatologist, Dr James Denny
What is Acne?
Acne is a common skin condition caused by clogged hair follicles due to excess oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria. It often appears on the face, chest, back, and shoulders, primarily affecting adolescents but also occurring in adults due to hormonal changes, stress, or other factors.
It is estimated that around 80% of adolescents and young adults (aged 11-30) experience acne to some degree. Acne typically begins around the age of 12-14, and often even earlier in girls. Both genders are affected equally. Acne usually resolves by the 30s, but in some cases, it can persist longer.
What are the Symptoms?
Acne can present as blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, nodules, or cysts. Blackheads and whiteheads are non-inflammatory, while pimples, nodules, and cysts are inflamed, often painful, and may leave scars if untreated.
What are the Treatments?
Treatments vary based on severity. Over-the-counter products with benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid can manage mild acne. Prescription treatments, such as topical retinoids, antibiotics, or hormonal therapy, may be necessary for moderate cases. Severe acne may require oral isotretinoin. Consistent skincare, avoiding harsh products, and consulting a dermatologist are crucial for effective management.
What is the Prognosis?
With proper treatment, most acne can be controlled or cleared, though it may take weeks to months for significant improvement. Early and consistent treatment reduces the risk of permanent scarring and helps maintain clearer skin over time.
