Cellulitis (skin infection)

Created: 09.01.2025

Updated 09.01.2025

Approved by: Consultant Dermatologist, Dr James Denny

What is Cellulitis?

Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection that affects the deeper layers of the skin and underlying tissues. It is most commonly caused by bacteria such as *Streptococcus* or *Staphylococcus aureus*, which enter the skin through cuts, scratches, or other breaks in the skin barrier. Cellulitis can occur anywhere on the body but is most commonly seen on the legs, arms, or face.

What are the Symptoms?

Symptoms of cellulitis include redness, swelling, and warmth in the affected area, often accompanied by pain or tenderness. The skin may feel tight or stretched, and the redness can spread quickly. In more severe cases, individuals may experience fever, chills, fatigue, or swollen lymph nodes near the infection site. Without treatment, cellulitis can lead to serious complications, such as abscess formation or the spread of infection to the bloodstream.

What are the Treatments?

Treatment for cellulitis typically involves a course of antibiotics to eliminate the infection. Oral antibiotics are commonly used for mild cases, while more severe infections may require intravenous antibiotics administered in a hospital. Pain relievers, rest, and elevating the affected area can help reduce discomfort and swelling. It is important to treat cellulitis promptly to prevent complications or further spread.

What is the Prognosis?

With early diagnosis and proper treatment, the prognosis for cellulitis is generally excellent. Most cases respond well to antibiotics, and symptoms improve within a few days. However, if left untreated, cellulitis can lead to serious complications, such as sepsis or chronic swelling due to lymphatic damage. Individuals with underlying health conditions or weakened immune systems may be at higher risk for recurrent infections. Preventative measures, such as proper wound care and skin hygiene, can help reduce the risk of cellulitis.