Keratoderma

Created: 09.01.2025

Updated 09.01.2025

Approved by: Consultant Dermatologist, Dr James Denny

What is Keratoderma?

Keratoderma refers to a group of skin conditions characterized by the thickening of the outer layer of the skin, known as the epidermis. This thickening typically occurs on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, though it can also affect other areas of the body. Keratoderma can be inherited (as in palmoplantar keratoderma) or acquired due to other underlying health conditions.

What are the symptoms?

The primary symptom of keratoderma is thickened, hardened skin, which may appear rough, scaly, or yellowish. The thickening can lead to discomfort, cracking, and pain, especially on weight-bearing areas like the feet. In some cases, the skin may become fissured, which can increase the risk of infection. Other symptoms may vary depending on the underlying cause, with some forms being associated with additional signs such as nail abnormalities or joint pain.

What are the treatments?

Treatment for keratoderma focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. Topical emollients, keratolytic agents like salicylic acid, or urea-based creams are often used to soften and remove the thickened skin. In some cases, corticosteroids or vitamin A derivatives may be prescribed to reduce inflammation. For more severe forms, systemic treatments or surgical interventions, such as laser therapy or excision, may be necessary.

What is the prognosis?

The prognosis for keratoderma depends on the type and underlying cause of the condition. In many cases, the thickened skin can be managed with ongoing treatment, and the condition may remain stable with proper care. However, if keratoderma is associated with other health issues, such as a genetic disorder or systemic disease, the prognosis may depend on the management of those underlying conditions. Regular monitoring and treatment can help alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life.