Urticaria
Created: 09.01.2025
Updated 09.01.2025
Approved by: Consultant Dermatologist, Dr James Denny
What is Urticaria?
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterised by the sudden appearance of raised, itchy welts on the skin. It occurs due to the release of histamine and other chemicals in response to an allergic reaction, stress, infection, or other triggers. Urticaria can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for months or even years.
What are the Symptoms?
The main symptom of urticaria is the development of red or skin-coloured welts, which may vary in size and shape. These welts often appear suddenly and can merge to form larger patches. They are typically itchy and may be accompanied by a burning or stinging sensation. The welts can appear anywhere on the body and tend to fade within 24 hours, though new ones may develop as others disappear. If the last longer or heal with a bruise you must see a Dermatologist as a matter of urgency.
What are the Treatments?
Treatment for urticaria focuses on relieving symptoms and addressing the underlying cause. Antihistamines are commonly used to reduce itching and swelling. For severe cases, corticosteroids or biologic medications like omalizumab may be prescribed. Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as certain foods, medications, or environmental factors, is an essential part of management. For chronic urticaria, a combination of treatments may be needed to control symptoms.
What is the Prognosis?
The prognosis for urticaria is generally good, especially for acute cases, which often resolve on their own or with treatment. Chronic urticaria may be more challenging to manage but can often be controlled with appropriate medical care. While the condition itself is not life-threatening, severe cases involving angioedema or difficulty breathing require immediate medical attention. With proper management, most people can find relief from symptoms and maintain a good quality of life.
